The first Tercels, like most front-drive competitors of the late 1970s, was available as a hatchback and sedan (with two or four doors) the hatchback had 26 cubic feet of space with the rear seats down. No surprise, then, that Road & Track rated the Tercel best new import of 1980, and Consumer Reports put it onto the list of preferred cars when it amassed their highest reliability rating. With the five-speed manual, the Tercel was sprightly to 50 mph or so, compared with the "smogger" straight-sixes of the time, and it held its own against the Escort - albeit not against the 2.2 liter Omnis, but gas mileage was considerably higher than just about all competitors. The other models upped the figures a bit, to 62 horsepower at 4,800 rpm and 76 lb-ft at 2,800 rpm. The base two-door sedan had 60 horsepower at 4,500 rpm, 75 lb-ft of torque at 2,400 rpm.
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Gas mileage was an impressive 36 city, 48 highway with the four-speed manual 32 city, 43 highway with the five-speed manual and 29 city, 36 highway with the three-speed automatic. The four speed manual was only used in the base two-door sedan the three speed was a modern, bandless design with carefully engineered valving and gear spacing to reduce gear change shock. Three transmissions were fitted, a four-speed and five-speed manual (both synchronized, with self adjusting clutches and direct shift linkages), and a three-speed automatic optional in the four-door Deluxe Sedan and standard in the Deluxe Liftback. Cylinders were “siamesed,” sharing a solid cylinder wall with the next, to reduce space and weight.
The engine was small but had five main bearings for reliability and long duty. The compression ratio was 9.0:1 it used two-barrel carburetion with a secondary system for better economy. The engine was a 1.5 liter single-overhead-cam model, with easy access to either side, and an electric radiator fan, still unusual, for greater efficiency (it only ran when needed). Most models used 13-inch styled steel wheels, and SR5 had chromed trim rings. Deluxe models included standard tinted glass (starting in 1982), body-side moulding, and a rear defogger. Originally there was a two and four door sedan, two and four door Deluxe sedan, and Deluxe and SR5 liftbacks but 1981 was the last year for the four door base-model sedan.
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Steel belted radials were standard, with optional aluminum alloy wheels on the SR5 black urethane bumpers were cheaper and lighter than chromed bumpers, and more scratch and ding resistant wide mouldings on the side prevented door dings, and the rear windows opened. Rack and pinion steering was used, and both front and rear had independent suspensions (MacPherson struts in front, coil springs in rear). The non-transverse mounting of the engine, then as now unusual in a front-driver four-cylinder, meant that the transmission had to be mounted underneath the floorboards and engine, with half-shafts going out to the front wheels. The front wheel drive layout of all these cars increased the usable interior space, allowing a very small car to be liveable. The Tercel was built on the same platform as the Starlet, and many have done engine swaps with sportier and heavier cars (like the MR2) to make the light Tercel a speed demon.Īrriving in the United States in 1980, the Tercel was a latecomer to the front-drive scene, joining a bevy of boxy hatchbacks that followed a basic Hillman architecture - including the high-end Volkswagen Rabbit, the Ford Escort, GM J-cars, and Plymouth Horizon/Dodge Omni. High in quality but affordable and comfortable, the Tercel was sold in the United States a mere two years after its 1978 introduction in Japan, and remained in the US for over a decade as Toyota's base model. The Toyota Tercel was originally named the Corolla Tercel, but as Toyota's first front wheel drive car, it had little relation to its more sophisticated, pricier, rear wheel drive relative. Toyota Tercel and Toyota Paseo: all American generations First generation Toyota Corolla Tercel cars (1978-82)
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